NTDT200 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Calcitriol, Cholecalciferol, Blood Pressure
24 Jan 2017
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Fat soluble vitamins: vitamins a, d, e, k and calcium. Immunity: reproduction, bone/tooth growth, maintenance of cornea, epithelial cells (surface of skin & mucous membranes) Cheese, cream, butter, fortified margarine: beta carotene (main source) Deep orange fruits (apricot, cantaloupe) vegetables (pumpkin, squash, carrots, sweet potato) Deficiency symptoms: night blindness (xerophthalmia, corneal drying (xerosis, triangular gray spots on eye, softening of cornea & corneal degeneration. Toxicity: birth defects, liver abnormalities, blurred vision, headaches. Functions: antioxidant (stabilization of cell membranes, regulation of oxidation reactions) Sources: polyunsaturated plant oils, leafy green vegetables, wheat germ, whole grains, nuts, liver, seeds, egg yolks. Deficiency symptoms: red blood cell breakage, nerve cell damage. Toxicity: may interfere with blood clotting action of vitamin k, causing hemorrhage. Aka phylloquinone (greens, most available), menaquinone (animal sources), menadione (supplement) Functions: activating blood clotting proteins, body proteins. Sources: leafy green vegetables, cabbage type vegetables, liver, milk, bacterial synthesis in gi tract. Toxicity: may interfere with blood thinner meds like warfarin.
