ENWC201 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Sympatric Speciation, Allopatric Speciation, Speciation

15 views3 pages

viridiancat899

16 May 2018

School

University of Delaware

Department

Entomology and Wildlife Conservation

Course

ENWC201

Professor

Kyle Mc Carthy

For unlimited access to Class Notes, a Class+ subscription is required.

Lecture 4: ENWC201

• Niche

o The functional role of an organism considered in the environment in which It

lives

• Competitive exclusion theory

o No two organisms can occupy the same niche at the same time in the same place

o The more similar the organisms are, the more intense the competition between

them

o The less fit species will have to evolve into different niche, move to a different

area, or become extinct

• How do organisms adapt to fill a particular niche?

o Natural selection and evolution

o Charles Darwin, Galapagos

o Natural selection

▪ The process that determines which Individuals will pass on their genes to

the next generation

o Evolution

▪ The changes that we see in the genes and characteristics displayed by

successive generations of a population

o The steps of natural selection

▪ 1) individuals within a species shown genetic variation

▪ 2) organisms reproduce many more offspring than are needed to replace

the parents

▪ 3) excess numbers of individuals result in a shortage of resources

▪ 4) individual variation allows some a greater chance of obtaining

resources, and therefore a greater chance of reproducing than others

▪ 5) over time, each generation is subjected to natural selection. The

percentage of individuals showing favorable variations will thus increase

and those having unfavorable variations will decrease

• Natural selection

o Can lead to considerable change in the characteristics of species and kinds of

species present

• Speciation

o The production of a new species from a previously existing species

o Allopatric speciation: separation of a species into two locations and evolves into

two different species (one old and one new)

▪ Have different natural selection pressures that force change in there

genes

o Sympatric speciation: exist in the same area but evolve into several different

species due to competition of niches

• Extinction:

o The loss of an entire species

find more resources at oneclass.com

Unlock document

This preview shows page 1 of the document.
Unlock all 3 pages and 3 million more documents.

Already have an account? Log in

Related Questions

It's a quiz for my life science class.

QUESTION 1

Organisms that have descended from the same initial group and have the ability to interbreed belong to the same

	A.	species.
	B.	family.
	C.	class.
	D.	genus.
	E.	order.

5 points

QUESTION 2

The simplest entity that exhibits all of the properties of life is called a(n)

	A.	molecule.
	B.	cell.
	C.	organism.
	D.	tissue.

5 points

QUESTION 3

In populations, adaptation usually arises through

	A.	responsiveness.
	B.	heredity.
	C.	metabolism.
	D.	natural selection.
	E.	development.

5 points

QUESTION 4

Scientists have found that ancient fossils

	A.	are less similar to present-day organisms than more recent fossils.
	B.	are just as similar to present-day organisms as more recent fossils.
	C.	are more similar to present-day organisms than more recent fossils.
	D.	are very similar to present-day organisms.
	E.	bear no resemblance to present-day organisms.

5 points

QUESTION 5

What is the term that describes the study of the relationship between living things and components of their environment?

	A.	herpetology
	B.	analogy
	C.	zoology
	D.	ecology
	E.	ichnology

5 points

QUESTION 6

Characteristics usually associated with life include all of the following except:

	A.	motility.
	B.	a high degree of organization.
	C.	lack of change from generation to generation.
	D.	reproduction.
	E.	responsiveness to stimuli.

5 points

QUESTION 7

The scientific name for the black-footed ferret is Mustela nigripes. The name Mustela indicates the _____________________ to which the organisms belongs.

	A.	phylum
	B.	class
	C.	family
	D.	species
	E.	genus

5 points

QUESTION 8

Which of the following is considered to be the most basic living unit?

	A.	organ system
	B.	molecule
	C.	organelle
	D.	cell
	E.	tissue

5 points

QUESTION 9

Which of the following concepts best describes the wide variety of dog species we observe, ranging from the domesticated golden retriever or the basset hound, to the wild dogs of Africa, to foxes?

	A.	preadaptation
	B.	special creation
	C.	inheritance of acquired characteristics.
	D.	taxonomy
	E.	evolution

5 points

QUESTION 10

If an ecologist is studying the cycling of carbon through a particular environment (which involes the movement of carbon through living things as well as through rock, air, and water), the scientist is studying at what level of ecology?

	A.	organismal
	B.	community
	C.	ecosystem
	D.	population
	E.	biosphere

5 points

QUESTION 11

Which list is organized from smallest to largest level of organization of life?

	A.	organisms, organ systems, organs, tissues, cells, organelles
	B.	organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms
	C.	organelles, tissues, cells, organ systems, organs, organisms
	D.	tissues, cells, organelles, organs, organ systems, organisms
	E.	cells, tissues, organ systems, organelles, organs, organisms

5 points

QUESTION 12

When examining the hierarchy of life, which of the following terms is most inclusive?

	A.	biosphere
	B.	population
	C.	species
	D.	ecosystem

5 points

QUESTION 13

The units of inheritance are

	A.	evolutions.
	B.	heredities.
	C.	genes
	D.	twins.
	E.	metabolic activities.

5 points

QUESTION 14

Organisms that undergo asexual reproduction

	A.	require another organism to reproduce.
	B.	are usually very complex.
	C.	produce offspring that are different from each other.
	D.	do not require energy to reproduce.
	E.	produce offspring that are identical to each other and to the parent.

5 points

QUESTION 15

All the living organisms in a particular area at a particular time make up a

	A.	biosphere.
	B.	community.
	C.	biosystem.
	D.	population.
	E.	ecosystem.

5 points

QUESTION 16

The first step in the scientific method is to

	A.	identify a problem.
	B.	predict the results of an experiment.
	C.	propose a solution.
	D.	draw a conclusion.
	E.	perform an experiment.

5 points

QUESTION 17

Young multicelled organisms usually start out small, then grow in size, and increase in complexity. This process is called:

	A.	heredity.
	B.	metabolism.
	C.	development.
	D.	evolution.
	E.	heredity.

5 points

QUESTION 18

To maintain order within their cells and organs, all living things must

	A.	carry on metabolism.
	B.	reproduce.
	C.	constantly change.
	D.	be able to move.
	E.	extract energy from sunlight.

5 points

QUESTION 19

Which of the following includes Highest levels of hierarchy?

	A.	family
	B.	phylum
	C.	domain
	D.	kingdom
	E.	order

5 points

QUESTION 20

Fungi are classified into which domain?

	A.	Archaea
	B.	Eukarya
	C.	Bacteria
	D.	Fungi

erinhare264

ENWC201 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Sympatric Speciation, Allopatric Speciation, Speciation

Get access

Related Documents

ENWC201 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Sympatric Speciation, Allopatric Speciation, Natural Selection

ENWC201 Study Guide - Final Guide: Sympatric Speciation, Allopatric Speciation, Logistic Function

ENWC201 Study Guide - Final Guide: Ecological Pyramid, Logistic Function, Ecosystem Services

Related Questions