PHIL 12 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Scientific Method, Contraposition, Fallacy
Document Summary
Phil 12 lecture 3 deductive arguments. First assignment will go up today, along with the revised syllabus. Argument: set of sentences divided into premises and conclusion: premises: give reasons to believe the conclusion. If it is true that all men are mortal, and it is true that socrates is a man, it is impossible that socrates is not mortal. Follows from what we mean by all" and is". All a are b x is an a x is a b: for any a, b, and x, this is deductively valid. The validity of the syllogism is a proper of the form of an argument o. Valid: if the premises are true, then the conclusion must be true; but that doesn"t mean the premises are true: doesn"t tell us whether the premises reflect reality. Sound: arguments that are valid and have true premises. The potatoes used in mcdonald"s fries are gmo"s.
