BILD 1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Amphiphile, Amylopectin, Lipid Bilayer
Document Summary
4 ways that carbon skeletons can vary length: double bond position, branching, presence of rings. Synthesis and breakdown of polymers: synthesize: dehydration reaction (taking away water, breakdown: hydrolysis (adding water) Oh groups are on the same side: stored mainly in liver and muscle cells, hydrolysis of glycogen releases glucose into bloodstream when demand for sugar increases, cellulose: cell wall of plants, glucose monomers beta linked together. Therefore, they can form h bonds between polysaccharides, increasing strength of cell wall structure: enzymes that digest glycogen/starch cannot digest cellulose, chitin: exoskeleton of animals and cell wall of fungi, creates waxy outer layer. Lipids: nonpolar and polar soluble in water: hydrophobic molecules composed mainly of h and c atoms, triglycerides (fats): important for storing energy, adipose tissue contains saturated fats that cushion vital organs and insulate the body. Animals store long-term food reserves in these cells: made up of 3 long hydrocarbon tails with carboxyl end.
