LING 15 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Synecdoche, Agglutinative Language, Fusional Language
Document Summary
Agglutinative: words have affixes, each with one function. Mandarin (isolating language): ta chi fan le he eat (cid:373)eal pa t (cid:894)te(cid:374)se is at end) so he ate a meal. Synthesis: expression of concepts thru morphological complexity. Fusion: co-expression of multiple concepts in single morphemes. Isolating agglutinative language fusional isolating. Constituent order revisited- s = subject, v = verb, o = object. Svo (41%), sov (35%), vso (7%); 14% no preference. Nominative-accusative: intransitive subject = trans subject (a) Ergative absolutive: intransitive subject = transitive object (o) Given new date, determine gender system, synthesis type, constituent order, alignment. Languages differ by symbols (as phonemes & words), categorization of sy(cid:373)(cid:271)ols, (cid:271)y arra(cid:374)ge(cid:373)e(cid:374)t of sy(cid:373)(cid:271)ols a(cid:374)alogous to & interdependent with cultural diversity. Traits: features or properties that characterize something; sometimes languages share traits (ex: every human has 5 fingers on their hand; language- position of verb with respect to object) Inherited traits: properties if a language that transmit from previous generations.
