ESS 3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Lactose Intolerance, Refined Grains, Dental Caries
9 Oct 2018
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Document Summary
Carbohydrates: carbohydrate- an essential macronutrient that serves as a major fuel source for the body, have carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, composed of one or more sugar units, contains 4kcal per gram. Functions in food: sources of fiber, adds sweetness and flavor. Functions in the body: source of energy for all cells in the body. Increase energy density: decrease nutrient density, contribute to excess calorie intake and obesity, doesn"t have a rda so it is unknown how much you should eat, promotes tooth decay due to acids. Compley carbohydrates: composed of 3 or less monosaccharides linked together. Starch (amylose and amylopectin: starch bonds are digestible by humans, ex: grains (wheat and barley), legumes (peas, beans, lentils), and tubers (potatoes and yams, our body must break down starch molecules into the monosaccharides. Glucose can be used to fuel our energy needs: long chains of glucose.
