ESS 3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Vitamin A Deficiency, Beta-Carotene, Retinol
Document Summary
Contain both carbon-carbon & carbon-hydrogen bonds: micronutrient. Must be consumed in diet to meet body"s needs. Individual units: not source of energy (calories) But need to extract energy from macronutrients: can disperse or dissolve in water or lipids, fat soluble. B vitamins and c, choline: absorption in small intestine, stored in tissue, leave small intestine in chylomicrons, potential for toxicity, often present in fatty portion of foods. Insufficient sun exposure & dietary inadequacy: rickets. Inadequate intake or improper absorption & use of vitamin d. Sunshine vitamin : consumed thru diet, must be activated in kidneys & liver to function in body. Institute of medicine increased rda for vitamin d in 2010; increased 3x for adults 19- Inadequate sun exposure (sunscreen & prevent vitamin d synthesis) Edlerly: rickets, osteomalacia (in adults), other chronic disease (cancer,kidney, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular, autoimmune) Only retinoid is present in large amounts in our diet.
