ENV S 1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Gasoline, Environmental Protection, Scrubbers
Document Summary
Legal rules that seek to limit/control unwanted effects or by-products of certain economic activities. Xl is an extension pipeline to texas refineries. Requires presidential permit (signature) from state dept. Land and vehicles do a lot of environmental degradation. Need to mix it with water in centrifuges to separate oil. 17% more energy to use than one on top. Opposition = locals and those living along pipeline. Hansen: if tar sands thrown into mix it is essentially game over . No chance of preventing global warming if it happens. Environmental protection is overlapping (old and new)-- letter from. Uneven playing field because of cost of compliance. Standards defined for rates of individual emitters instead of overall levels for society. Grandfathering encourages older facilities to stay in business because high start-up costs for new facilities. Less effective when dealing with non-point sources. Pollutants that come from hard to track sources.
