DIET 4415 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Bran, Metabolic Acidosis, Dietary Fiber
Document Summary
Bran: protective outer shell, high in fiber and b vitamins. Endosperm: contains starch, protein, and some vitamins and minerals. Germ: seed for a new plant, contains b vitamins, some protein, minerals, and healthy oils. Types of fiber: dietary fiber found in food (soluble, insoluble) and functional fiber (extracted from foods and added to other foods) Soluble: dissolves in water, delays stomach emptying, slows glucose absorption, lowers blood cholesterol, beta-glucan, pectin, natural gums, insulin (beans, oats, brussels, oranges, flaxseeds) Insoluble: not broken down, absorbs water to produce bulky, soft stool which is easier to pass, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin (wheat bran, skin of fruit, and veg) Most fruit and veg are a mix of both soluble and insoluble fiber. Functional fiber: provides health benefits such as starch, gums, pectin. Medications for constipation: laxatives and bulk forming agents. Fiber and stool softeners are 1st line of treatment.
