CFD 1450 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Motor Action F.C.
CHAPTER 10-EMOTIONAL AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT IN EARLY
CHILDHOOD
Erikson’s Theory: Initiative Versus Guilt
• Initiative:
o Eagerness to try new tasks, join activities with peers
o Trying out new skills through play
o Acting out family scenes and highly visible occupations
• Guilt
o Overly strict superego, or conscience, leading to too much guilt
o Related to excessive threats, criticism, punishment from adults
Self-Concept
• Self-concept is based on observable characteristics:
o Appearance
o Possessions
o Everyday behaviors
• By age 3½, self-concept includes typical emotions and attitudes.
• Warm, sensitive parent–child relationship fosters more positive, coherent self-
concept.
• Elaborative reminiscing that focuses on children’s internal states is especially
important.
Self-Esteem
• Judgments we make about our own worth and feelings associated with those
judgments
• Young children’s self-judgments:
o Learning things in school
o Making friends
o Getting along with parents
o Treating others kindly
• Influence of self-esteem on initiative.
Emotional Development in Early Childhood
• Emotional development is supported by gains in representation, language, self-
concept.
• Preschoolers gain in emotional competence:
o Emotional understanding
o Emotional self-regulation
o Self-conscious emotions and empathy
• Parenting strongly influences preschoolers’ emotional competence.
Cognitive Development and Emotional Understanding
• As preschoolers age, they
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