PSYCH 15 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Deep Brain Stimulation, Retina, Neurofibrillary Tangle
Document Summary
A tumor (neoplasm): is a mass of cells that grow independently of the rest of the body- a cancer. 20% of brain tumors are meningiomas- encased in meninges. About 10% of brain tumors are metastatic- they originate elsewhere, usually the lungs. Stroke: a sudden onset cerebrovascular event that causes brain damage. Aneurysm: a weakened point in a blood vessel that makes a stroke more likely; may be congenital (present at birth) or due to poison or infection. Thrombosis: a plug forms in the brain. Embolism: a plug forms elsewhere and moves to the brain. Arteriosclerosis: wall of blood vessels thicken, usually due to fat deposits. Most damage is a consequence of excess neurotransmitters release- especially glutamate. Glutamate over activates its receptors, especially nmda receptors leading to an influx of na+ and ca2+ If the release of still more glutamate onto postsynaptic neuron. A sequence of internal reactions that ultimately kill the neuron.
