LIFESCI 7B Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Polyphyly, Goby, Paraphyly
Document Summary
E is a sister taxa to f/g group. D is a sister taxa to b/c then the whole thing excluding a is taxa. Reptiles are paraphyletic group because the name does not include their avian descendants birds are a part of reptiles -- common ancestor don"t typically include birds paraphyletic: includes some but not all of the descendants of the common ancestor. Using phylogenies to test evolutionary hypotheses gobies are a diverse clade of shes more than 2000 total species in many habitats north paci c bay goby clade has ~60 species fragmented distribution. Consider how geography and body form are distributed on the phylogeny. Which evolutionary hypothesis is supported by this result: convergent evolution not trans paci c dispersal. X = loss of character are they equivalent? tree 2 has fewer steps are more parsimonious -- but has its strengths and weaknesses especially seen in convergence evolution.
