LIFESCI 2 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Dinos, Herbivore, Archaea
Document Summary
Chronograms timetrees, time calibrated trees: branches scaled to time, transformation of genetic distance data. Homoplasy trait similarity not due to common descent: dolphins and reptilian dolphins, reptilian dino and bat wings, pounched sabertooth marsupial and sabertooth placental and vampire characin fish. Synapomorphies shared traits found in common ancestor of a clade i. e. hair in mammal, wings in insects. 12/15/16 1:42:00 am: 4. 6 bya formation of earth, 3. 7 3. 5 origin of life. Stromatolite bacteria fossils: 2. 6 origin of photosynthesis, 1. 8 first eukaryotes, 1. 6 multicellular eukaryotes (algae) Red and green: 650 mya first fossils of multicellular animals (sponges, edicaran period, 635 541 mya. Diverse animals in oceans from 575-535 mya: bacteria, archaea, eukarya evolution, eukarya fossils 1. 8 bya, bacteria fossil 3. 45, abundant by 2. 6 bya, archae fossils 3. 5 bya, multicellular life, fossils - 2. 1 bya, animals, algae. Paleozoic: 542- 251 mya, cambrian, 542 488 mya. Most existing linegages found in fossil record during this period: chordates human lineage.
