LIFESCI 1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Genetic Variation, Gene Pool, Germ Cell
Document Summary
Three domains of life: bacteria, archaea, eukaryotes, plants and animal. Gene pool: total collection of genes in a population. Genetic variation: genetic difference among individuals within a population at a particular point in time. Locus: segment of dna that influences a particular trait. Allele: one form of a gene (many alleles for one locus) Genotype: combination of alleles at a given locus in an individual. Phenotype: an individual"s observable characteristic (eye color, fur thickness, color blindness) Diversity: number and relative abundance of different species (biodiversity or species diversity) Genetic variation: individuals inherit different alleles, giving them different genotypes (which often means different phenotypes) If you control the environment, factors due to genetic differences. If you have genetical identical things, factors due to environmental differences. Most phenotypes are determined by a combination of genotype and environment. Most traits are encoded by multiple genes. Explains adaptation to different and changing environments. Intentional breeding of plants and animals by humans.
