PSY 2012 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Nonverbal Communication, Musical Expression, Autonomic Nervous System
Document Summary
Instinct theory: related to the theory of evolution: drive-reduction theory: focuses on how we respond to inner needs/pushes from within our body, arousal theory: finding the right levels of stimulation, hierarchy of motives: developed by maslow. Focuses on some needs over others: drives & incentives, drive-reduction theory, homeostasis. Incentives: environmental stimuli, either positive or negative, need (food, water) > drive (hunger, thirst) > drive-reducing behaviors (eating, drinking) Hunger as a drive: the brain monitors our internal state, set point, glucose levels, basal metabolic rate. Hunger as an incentive: arousal, friends, serving size, variety. Arousal: high and low arousal, sensation seeking, optimal arousal, performance, yerkes-dodson law: principle that performance increases with arousal, but only to certain extent. We need others: affiliation need, central to human motivation, social isolation. Impacts thoughts, emotions, behaviors: ostracism, negative effects, 5, 3, 4, 4, 5, 2, 2, 2.
