PSY BEH 101D Lecture 4: Lifespan Development (PSYBEH 101D) - LEC. 3 & 4
14 May 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
• October 24, 2017
• Learning in Childhood
• Piaget's Theory
o Stages of development
o Children learn through interacting with the world
o End of sensorimotor
• Pre-operational Period (2-7)
o Children think in symbols
• Recognize that object/word can stand for something else
• Use symbols to learn & interact with world
▪ Symbols need to be present/visible
• Can't reason with symbols
• Lack of reasoning
o Centration (focus on one aspect of a situation)
• Singular narrow focus on one aspect and often most salient (not taking into
complexity of situation/honing in on one point)
• Emphasis of appearance on exclusion of everything else (girls = long hair)
o Focus
o Static reasoning
o Irreversibility
• Example: Truth & Lie
o Pre-school test
• This boy saw the flower and said it was a bug: is it a truth or a lie?
▪ Pre-school age boy
• Why?
o Younger children focus on one aspect of event
• They focus on appearance
• In scenario, they focus on act (lies/truth)
• With Age
o Gradually learn to manipulate representations to solve problems
• Concrete Operational Period (7-11)
o Reasoning based in logic that is applied to "concrete" or observable/imaginable real
things
• Must have external object/event present or representation of the object to
manipulate
• Piaget's Theory
o Reorganization of thought processes based on interactions with environment
• Children actively engage to learn
• Through engagement, go through qualitative periods of development
▪ Sensorimotor (action)
▪ Pre-Operational (representation)
▪ Concrete operational (manipulate representation)
• Limitations in Piaget's Theory
o Small limitation:
• Age of skill acquisition often younger than Piaget said
▪ Example: centration (context matters)
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Document Summary
Symbols need to be present/visible: can"t reason with symbols. Lack of reasoning: centration (focus on one aspect of a situation) Singular narrow focus on one aspect and often most salient (not taking into complexity of situation/honing in on one point: emphasis of appearance on exclusion of everything else (girls = long hair, focus, static reasoning. Sensorimotor (action: pre-operational (representation, concrete operational (manipulate representation) Limitations in piaget"s theory: small limitation, age of skill acquisition often younger than piaget said, example: centration (context matters) Limitations of piaget"s theory: alternate explanations for development. Social interactions and cultural experiences critical to advance development: children gradually build knowledge, they don"t go through different qualitative stages. Lev vygotsky (1896 - 1934: social learning, not stage theory. Learning shaped by interactions with others, esp in relation to culture: peer examples, mimicking one another (language, behavior, sibling scaffolding (finn crib escape video)
