CHE 2A Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Pauli Exclusion Principle, Electron Configuration, Maximum Capacity
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Che2a lecture 13 atoms prefer to have the lowest possible energy. Electron structure / electron configuration: form of nation showing how the electrons are distributed among the various atomic orbitals in subshells and shells, consists of a series of numbers, letters, and superscripts, ex: Five electrons belong to the p subshell, which belongs to the second shell. The aufbau principle: under normal conditions, atoms are in their lowest energy state, or in the ground state, which is when electrons are in the lowest energy orbitals possible. In an atom with more than one electron, between two subshells, the one that has the lower energy is the one with the lower sum of the first two quantum numbers (n+l). If both the subshells have the same sum, then the one with the lower first quantum number (n) has lower energy. Extended electron configuration: the extended electron configuration shows the specific locations of the p orbitals (x, y, z, ex: