BIS 2C Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Subtypes Of Hiv, Monophyly, Paraphyly
Document Summary
Tree of life - concept that all living organisms are related to one another through shared ancestry. Phylogeny - evolutionary history, the history of evolutionary relationships among organisms. Tree diagram - branching diagram that can represent a phylogeny, shows the divergence of lineages that have become permanently separated (branches don"t fuse again after splitting) It is a simplified model of the genealogy of life. Phylogenetic trees help us to better understand the history of life and how organisms have changed over time (in morphology, behavior, geographical distribution etc. ) They also give us insight into the way that organisms are related to each other. Ex: birds are a lineage of dinosaurs. Cassowary - flightless bird native to australia and new guinea. Convergence - the independent evolution of similar traits in different organisms (in different areas) Phylogenies also allow us to predict similarities and differences among organisms. Taxon - any organism, or species, or group of species that we designate or name.