BIS 2A Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Nernst Equation, King James Version, Adenine
3 May 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Metabolism in BIS 2A
Reduction-Oxidation Reactions
●oxidation: loss of electrons
●reduction: gain of electron
Half Reaction
●required to make the full
red/ox rxn
Reduction Potential
●ability of a compound to gain
electrons
●measured in Volts
The Red/ox Tower
●ranks common compounds
from most negative reduction
potential to the most positive reduction potential
●in form of half reactions
Relationship between ∆E° and ∆G°
●Nernst equation
●for a reaction to be exergonic, standard free energy needs to be negative and
reduction potential needs to be positive
●F=96.485 kJ/V
●n=number of moles of electrons transferred
Introduction to Mobile Energy Carriers
Properties of Key Cellular Molecular Energy Carriers
●exist in “pools” of available carriers
●each individual can exist in multiple distinct states
○“load” of energy, fractional “load”, or “empty”
●balance between “loaded” and “unloaded” is regulated by the cell
●Two major types of molecular recyclable energy carriers
○Adenine Nucleotides
■NAD+, NADP+, and ATP
○Nucleotide mono-, di-, and triphosphate
Document Summary
Required to make the full red/ox rxn. Ability of a compound to gain electrons. Ranks common compounds from most negative reduction potential to the most positive reduction potential. For a reaction to be exergonic, standard free energy needs to be negative and reduction potential needs to be positive. Each individual can exist in multiple distinct states. Load of energy, fractional load , or empty . Balance between loaded and unloaded is regulated by the cell. Two major types of molecular recyclable energy carriers. Oxidation and reduction of a molecule results in a change of free energy for that molecule. Magnitude of change in free energy and its direction dictates the spontaneity of the redox rxn. Nad+ is the oxidized form while nadh is the reduced form after accepting two electrons and a proton (reactant/ product of redox rxns) Fad+ is the oxidized form and fadh2 is the reduced form.
