AAS 17 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Female Genital Mutilation, Awasa, Peer Pressure
30 May 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
JO BOYDEN
1. Advocacy campaigns and legal sanctions against early marriage and female genital modification
is widespread in Ethiopia.
2. In 2005, three in four women in Ethiopia had undergone genital modification.
3. Most criticisms of FGM emphasizes the adverse health impacts.
4. The Government of Ethiopia has labelled FGM and early marriage harful traditioal practices.
5. A woman in Hawassa who had endured severe complications during childbirth following FGM
made sure that her own daughters were not circumcised, while a woman from Addis
Ababa admitted that she used to defend FGM as an important local custom, until she
witnessed how much a young circumcised girl suffered when giving birth.
6. Even with a ban and penalties, the customs of FGM and early marriage continue to persist in
many parts of Ethiopia.
7. Collective effort and group solidarity are valued more than individual interests in the rural areas
of Ethiopia because rates of morbidity and mortality are high.
8. One 16 year old girl changed her mind about marrying early because marriage had guaranteed
both her economic security and that of her mother.
9. Parents in Oromia approved of the decline in abductions, as they totally violate all the arriage
rights of girls ad ay ivolve assault.
10. In Tigray, a families gain status by bringing their daughters up to be chaste and obedient.
11. Some girls choose to be circumcised rather than being insulted because they succumb to peer
pressure.
12. Punitive measures to address early marriage and FGM has led these practices to transform or
drive them underground.
13. FGM and early marriage are often undertaken with the consent and even persistence of girls in
Ethiopia.
14. For girls who undertake FGM, it often has more to do with preventing social stigma and rebuke
by peers, most likely reflecting their sense of what it means to be an adult woman in their
community.
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