ECON 200 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Demand Curve, Economic Surplus
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Studies how the allocation of resources affect individuals and economic well-being. A buyer"s willingness to pay is the max amount the buyer will pay for the good: measures how much the buyer values the good. The marginal buyers are the ones who would leave the market if p were any higher than a certain price. Consumer surplus is the amount a buyer is willing to pay minus the amount the buyer actually pays. Total consumer surplus is the area under the demand curve above the price from 0 to q. In most markets, consumer surplus reflects economic well-being. Fall in consumer surplus due to buyers leaving market and remaining buyers paying for higher price. The value of everything a seller must give up to produce a good. Includes cost of all resources used to produce good, including value of the seller"s time.