ANTH 1113 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Human Genome Project, Allele Frequency, Genetic Drift
Document Summary
Gene: codes for protein or some other funcion in the genome. Humans have 23,000 protein- coding genes which is only 2% of the genome. A human gene is roughly 3. 5 billion bp in length. Some dna encodes rna which is not translated. Populaion geneics: study geneic diversity within and between populaions to infer evoluionary processes and to reconstruct populaion history. This is also study of how evoluion works. Without any knowledge of geneics, darwin put in the spotlight one of the fundamental forces of evoluion, natural selecion. Now we can understand, that natural selecion is one of four processes that can cause such changes. Four forces: mutaion: a change in dna sequence, gene flow (or gene migraion): the exchange of genes between populaions, geneic drit: changes in allele frequency that occur at random (natural sample efects , natural selecion: process that produces adaptaion. Founder efect small populaion leaves group and starts their own group, big allele frequency change.
