BMB 300 Lecture Notes - Lecture 25: Toxoid, Lipopolysaccharide, Exotoxin

• School: University of Maine
• Department: Micro and Molecular Biology
• Course: BMB 300
• Professor: Edward Bernard

Document Summary

All are virulence factors because they increase the organisms ability to cause disease. Pathogenicity island: set of genes found together on a chromosome or plasmid that gets passes on. Gram (-) bacteria can be injected directly inside. Toxigenicity: how toxic it is and how able it is to create the toxin. Toxemia: presence of a toxin in the blood. Endotoxins: lipopolysaccharide: only released by gram (-) bacteria. Only released when immune cells destroy the bacteria. Heat labile: as heat increases, they get denatured. Ab toxins: have 2 parts, usually tissue specific. B is binding part so it can only bind to certain areas. such as enteroviruses and neurotoxins. Cytotoxins: break down cell membranes leading to lysis. Superantigens: force unnatural interactions that lead to widespread damage throughout the body. Ab toxins: a is the active part, has the toxic effect. Neurotoxin: peripheral motor neurons. these can regenerate over time. (1-2 years, have adverse affects).