FSN 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Whole Grain, Blood Sugar, Monosaccharide

• School: University of Maine
• Department: Food Science and Nutrition
• Course: FSN 101
• Professor: Anthony Perkins

Document Summary

Through photosynthesis, plants combine carbon dioxide, water, and the sun"s energy to form glucose. Carbohydrates are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen held together by energy-containing bonds: carbo means carbon ; hydrate means water . Glucose is the most important monosaccharide in the human body. Monosaccharides can by converted by the liver to other needed molecules. Monosaccharides can be converted by the liver to other needed molecules. Starch is the storage form of glucose in plants and is also nutritive for human beings. Glycogen is the storage form of glucose in animals and human beings. Human digestive enzymes cannot break the chemical bonds of fiber. Some fiber is susceptible to fermentation by bacteria in the colon. The body tissues use carbohydrates for energy and other functions. The brain and nerve tissues prefer carbohydrate as fuel, and red blood cells can use nothing else by colonic bacteria. Intakes of refined carbohydrates should be limited.