FSN 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Cramp, Extracellular Fluid, Salt

• School: University of Maine
• Department: Food Science and Nutrition
• Course: FSN 101
• Professor: Lewis Perkins

Document Summary

Major minerals: require >100 mg/day, calcium, phosphorus. Trace minerals: require <100 mg/day, iron, zinc. Presences of binders and fiber: phytic acid (problem in grains, oxalic acid (problem in veg. especially calcium) Plants depend on mineral content of soil. Similar size and charges (mg, fe, ca, cu: often compete for absorption. Refinement lowers mineral content: iron (fe) is the only mineral grain is fortified with. Result of supplementation: presence of contaminants, look for the u. s. pharamcopeia approved brands. Table salt (nacl): 40% sodium, 60% chloride. Signs of deficiency: muscle cramp, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, shock, coma. Adequate intake is 1500 mg for adults. Body only needs 200 mg to functions. Blood pressure increases with intake: 1/3 of american have hypertension, 1/3 have prehypertension. Fuid retention leads to increases blood volume. Functions: fluid balance, nerve impulse transmission. Low blood potassium: muscle cramps, confusion, constipation, irregular heartbeat, heart failure. Excess potassium is excreted by the kidneys; no upper level.