NS 2001 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Trigeminal Nerve, Vagus Nerve, Vocal Folds
Document Summary
Upper motor control: brain areas that a) directly innervate or influence neurons of lower motor control circuits, or b) innervate other upper motor control areas within the brainstem. Cortex: primary motor cortex, premotor cortex (see details below) Brain stem: vestibular nuclear complex (lateral and medial, reticular formation, superior colliculus, red nucleus (non humans) Cortex: areas and organization of primary and premotor cortex areas, and associated tracts (pg. 377 389, brodman"s areas shown on page 588) 378): direct pathway: lateral and ventra corticospinal tract. Basic type of movements that are initiated by the premotor cortex (pg. In response to internal cues, internally motivated ((cid:498)open loop(cid:499)) In response to external cues, motivated by external stimuli ((cid:498)closed loop(cid:499)) Brainstem, areas of upper motor control and associated tracts (pg. Tegmentum, -> in general terms that refers to the central gray matter of the brainstem. Vestibular nuclear complex (lateral and medial vestibular nucleus), associated sensory system, and reflexes: sensory system (pg 307-312), reflexes (pg.
