BIOL 1081 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Mitogen, Ras Subfamily, Grb2
Ch. 10 LO
Cell cycle control & Cancer Textbook Reading: Sections 10.6
1. Describe how the cell cycle is regulated, e.g., cell cycle control factors (MPF, growth factors,
etc.)
• Checkpoints
o G1/S- primary checkpoint where cell decides to divide or not; START; restriction
point
o G2/M-division can be delayed if DNA has not been properly replicated or is
damaged
o Late Metaphase-spindle checkpoint—all chromosomes must be attached to
spindle; passage through this CP commits cell to anaphase
• Maturation Promoting Factor (MPF)
o Low in G2, rising, peaking in mitosis
o Phosphorylation of proteins
o G2→M
• Cyclins-any number of proteins produced during the cell cycle that combine with certain
kinases
• Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)- any group of protein kinase enzymes that control the
cell cycle
2. Describe how "internal signals"- cyclins and CDKs function in controlling the cell cycle.
• Cyclins regulate cell cycle only when they are bound to CDKs
• Phosphorylation of one site activates CDc2, and at another site inactivates it
3. On the cell cycle figure that you drew for Tuesday’s class, indicate how and where cyclins and
CDKs are involved in controlling the cell cycle, and describe how they are affected by "external
signals" (growth factors).
• See paper
• External Signals
o Plant Derived Growth Factor (PDGF)-override cellular controls and inhibit
division
4. Describe and list the checkpoints of the cell cycle.
• Above
5. Test your understanding of cell cycle regulation by playing the cell cycle game at
: http://www.nobelprize.org/educational/medicine/2001/cellcycle.html
• NONE
6. Describe what cancer is, its genetic basis, and how it is related to the cell cycle.
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