MCB 181R Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Partial Charge, Alpha And Beta Carbon, Catabolism
7 Sep 2016
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Viruses don"t have ribosomes, rna polymerase, so they can"t transcribe or translate and can"t make proteins. They steal pieces of membrane from cell they invade. There is variation in any population of organisms (a population is a potentially-reproducing subset of a species). Within a population, there is biological diversity, genetic differences. Some diversity is heritable (has a genetic foundation). The individuals that possess these traits have greater reproductive success (those with favorable traits have more offspring because they are more fit to their environment). Evolution is change in allele frequency over time. Alleles are the different forms of the gene (blood type: a allele, b allele, o allele) Mutations, changing one nucleotide (t to an a). The antibiotic fits on the bacterial ribosomes not the eukaryotic ribosomes, or else they would be toxic to us. Antibiotics select for mutations that already exist in the population. Even a single bacterium whose ribosome is shaped differently so the antibiotic cannot bind.
