FSHD 347 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Abortion Debate, Fetus, Brain Death

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indigogiraffe448

24 Mar 2019

School

University of Arizona

Department

Fam. Studies & Human Dev. Main

Course

FSHD 347

Professor

Alex Von Stein

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Document Summary

A dif cult and longstanding issue in philosophy is the question of who or what is a person. The question of who or what is a person is important because, among other things, persons have a special moral status. Persons have rights and values that non-persons lack. Intrinsic value is the value that something has in itself or for its own sake. Extrinsic value is non- intrinsic value, like the value that something has because of what it can do. Persons have intrinsic value, which kant called dignity. We value persons not because of what persons can do, but simply because they are persons. Our focus for the moment is on the relations between brains or cognitive functions and personhood. There is not universal agreement on which cognitive functions are constitutive, but proposals include intelligence, rationality, self-awareness, cognition about the future, linguistic communication, mental states in general, and consciousness (p. 296).

Related Questions

Which person best represents Kantian deontology?

		Susie refused the take Jimmy's life because to kill him would be to treat Jimmy purely as an instrument or object to whatever end she was trying to achieve.
		Susie refused to take Jimmy's life, even in self defense, because in her religion it is considered a sin for which she will be punished by her god.
		Susie refused to take Jimmy's life because if all people were to take the lives of others the world would be chaos.
		Susie refused to take Jimmy's life because doing so would make her a vicious person.

According to Kant's theory, being capable of acting morally means you have dignity and to have dignity means you are priceless. Things and persons who lack this capacity, lack moral worth.

True

False

According to Kant's theory, there are certain actions, such as lying, that we are never permitted to do regardless of the affects of those actions on others.

True

False

What gives humans value for Kant?

Being valued by others.

Having the capacity to reason.

Having capacity to love others.

Acting morally.

All are important components in Kantâs theory except for which of the following:

The motive from which we perform our actions.

The universalizability of actions.

The consequences of our actions.

Recognizing the dignity of humanity.

To properly apply the original (universal law) formula of the Categorical Imperative (Act only on that maxim by which you can at the same time will that it should be become a universal law, we should take do which of the following:

Ask ourselves "Would I want this done to me?"

Ask ourselves "If all rational beings were to do this action, would there be negative consequences."

Ask ourselves "Would I want my action to become one that all rational beings should follow?"

Ask ourselves "If all rational beings were to follow this action, would it create a logical contradiction?"

If we were to apply the Humanity Formulation of the Categorical Imperative, we would:

		Ask ourselves, "What would be the consequences of such an action on humanity?"
		Ask ourselves, "Is my action recognizing my dignity and the dignity of others or is it treating myself or others as a mere object?
		Ask ourselves, "Do I want to place a value on human life?"
		Ask oursleves, "Will treating myself or others in this way make me a moral person?"

FSHD 347 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Abortion Debate, Fetus, Brain Death

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