NFSC 100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Blood Sugar, Insulin Resistance, Lactase
20 Sep 2016
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Document Summary
Molecule with 6 carbon atoms and oxygen and hydrogen. Galactose: one of two components of milk sugar lactose. Sucrose: a combination of glucose and fructose. Lactose: a combination of glucose and galactose. Glycogen: animal starch >long chains of glucose molecules: bodys stage form of carbs. Ber: plant material >long chains of glucose molecules whose structure is resistant to enzymatic degradation: cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin. How carbs in food become glucose in the body: Ber, starch and sugars enter small intestine: pancreatic amylase breaks down starch to disaccharides. Enzymes on intestine walls break down disaccharides to monosaccharides: monosaccharides enter liver. Liver converts galactose and fructose to glucose. De ciency in the enzyme lactase: nausea diarrhea and gas. 80% of the worlds populations: can be induced in reminder of population by substrate induction. Undigested lactose becomes fuel for intestinal bacteria that in turn produce gas and irritants. During childhood lactase begins to disappear in many people.
