HY 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 65: Liberal Welfare Reforms, Class Conflict, Secret Ballot
30 May 2018
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I.Reform and Revolution
. The 1830 Revolution in France
1. Louis XVIII succeeded by Charles X (1757-1836, r. 1824-1830)
. Determined to reverse the legacies of the Revolution and Napoléon
a. Appeased the ultraroyalists by compensating nobility whose land had been confiscated during the
Revolution
b. Restored the Catholic Church to its traditional place
c. Provoked widespread discontent
2. Charles called new elections, then tried to overthrow the parliamentary regime
3. The July Ordinances (1830)
. Dissolved the newly elected chamber before it had even met
a. Imposed strict censorship of the press
b. Further restricted suffrage to exclude all non-nobles
c. Called for new elections
4. Revolution
. Paris took to the streets for three days of battles
a. The abdication of Charles
5. Louis Philippe (1773-1850, r. 1830-1848)
. Promoted as a constitutional monarch
a. The July Monarchy
.Doubled the number of eligible voters
i.Voting remained a privilege
6. Major winners—the propertied classes
A. Belgium and Poland in 1830
1. Congress of Vienna joined Belgium to Holland
. Never popular in Belgium
2. News of the July Revolution catalyzed Belgian opposition
3. Brussels rebelled, and the great powers guaranteed Belgian neutrality (in force until 1914)
4. Poland
. Not an independent state—under Russian governance
a. Had its own parliament, a constitution, and guarantees of basic liberties
b. Ignored by Russian-imposed head of state, Constantine
c. Moved toward revolt in 1830
d. Drove Constantine out
e. By 1831, Russian forces retook Warsaw
f. Poland placed under Russian military rule
B. Reform in Great Britain
1. The end of the Napoleonic Wars
. Agricultural depression, low wages, unemployment, and bad harvests
a. Social unrest
2. Peterloo (1819)
3. Parliament passed the Six Acts (1819)
. Outlawed "seditious and blasphemous" literature
a. Increased stamp tax
b. Restricted the right of public meeting
4. Tory reforms
. Some toleration for Catholics and Dissenters
a. Refused to reform political representation in the House of Commons
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Document Summary
The 1830 revolution in france: louis xviii succeeded by charles x (1757-1836, r. 1824-1830) Determined to reverse the legacies of the revolution and napol on. Appeased the ultraroyalists by compensating nobility whose land had been confiscated during the. Restored the catholic church to its traditional place. Provoked widespread discontent: charles called new elections, then tried to overthrow the parliamentary regime, the july ordinances (1830) Dissolved the newly elected chamber before it had even met. Paris took to the streets for three days of battles. The abdication of charles: louis philippe (1773-1850, r. 1830-1848) . doubled the number of eligible voters i. voting remained a privilege: major winners the propertied classes. Belgium and poland in 1830: congress of vienna joined belgium to holland. Never popular in belgium: news of the july revolution catalyzed belgian opposition, brussels rebelled, and the great powers guaranteed belgian neutrality (in force until 1914, poland. Had its own parliament, a constitution, and guarantees of basic liberties.
