BSC 385 Lecture 19: Chapter 12
7 Mar 2017
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Document Summary
Coevolution: co-evolving species interact ecologically, coevolution occurs when changes in the genetic composition of populations of at least two species reciprocally affect each other. Some positive interactions are symbiotic: symbiosis = an intimate association between different organisms, in which one lives on or in the other, symbiosis can be (+,+), (+,0) or (+,-, symbiosis are highly co-evolved. Exploitative interactions: one species benefits from exploiting another as a food resource, encompasses different types of heterotrophy, predators, parasites/herbivores. Predation: one of the most important evolutionary interactions in ecology, predator-prey interactions are an example of coevolution, the process in which each species acts as a selective force of the other. Challenges facing predators: prey detection, capturing and subduing the prey, ambush predators, active predators, hunting strategy, solitary predators cheetahs, group hunting wolves, wild dogs, cooperative hunting orcas. The marginal value theorem: to forage optimally in a patchy environment, the predator should maximize the rate of energy gain e/ (t + s)
