BSC 114 Lecture Notes - Lecture 20: European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Human Genome Project, Woolly Mammoth
23 Nov 2016
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Document Summary
In the same species, differences in phenotype are the result of allele variations of genes. Random mutations, leading to phenotypic variation, and natural selections, survival and reproduction of the phenotypically fittest individuals of a species, are the primary driving forces of evolution. In its most basic form, evolution can be defined as the change in allele frequency in a population over time. Initiated in 1990 and largely completed by 2003 (first drafts published in 2001) Involved numerous laboratories and sequencing instruments in multiple countries. Cost: 3 billion dollars: about . 00 per base pair of the human genome. State of the art dna sequencing in 2015: illumina hiseq x ten sequencing system: sequences up to 600 billion bases per day. That"s 20 human genomes sequenced per day with 30x coverage (greater coverage = greater accuracy: cost per genome: ,000. The hgp established databases and refined analytical computer software to make genomic data available, searchable, and analyzable on the internet.
