BSC 109 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Sprain, Joint Capsule, Osteoarthritis

• School: University of Alabama
• Department: Biological Sciences
• Course: BSC 109
• Professor: Austin R.Hicks

Document Summary

Arms: upper arm: humerus, forearm: radius, ulna, wrist: carpal bones (8, hand (palm): metacarpal bones (5, fingers and thumb: phalanges (14) Legs: femur, tibia, fibula, ankle, and foot bones. Arms can be rotated almost 360 degrees. Repetitive motions cause tendons to become inflamed and swell. Inflamed tissue presses on nerves which cause pain and/or numbness. Has a wider opening (because women give birth) Fibrous joint: immovable, example: joints between flat bones of skull. Cartilaginous joint: slightly movable, cartilage connection, example: joints between adjacent vertebrae. Synovial joint: freely moveable, bones separated by fluid-filled cavity. Synovial membrane secrete synovial fluid as a lubricant. Ligaments, tendons, and muscles strengthen and stabilize joints. Ligaments: attach bone to bone in a synovial joint. Example: acl (anterior cruciate ligament in the knee) Both tendons and ligaments are composed of tough connective tissue containing collagen (strong and flexible) Due to combination of ligaments, tendons, muscles, and fluid capsule. Knee held firmly in place (unless something is broken)