BIOL 221 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Membrane Transport Protein, Defensin, Interferon

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Proteins have the most varied use in the body. They are important organic structures both outside the cells and inside. Collagen and elastin fibers in connective tissues are proteins. Proteins form the internal cytoskeleton that supports the cell and performs other functions such as intracellular transport. Plasma membrane proteins include those that form cell junctions. Proteins also serve as enzymes that catalyze reactions increasing rates to where they are able support life. Proteins form important chemicals used for defense against disease. Immunoglobulins (antibodies) play an important role in adaptive resistance to disease. Defensins, lysozyme, complement, and interferon play roles in innate resistance. The proteins actin and myosin interact within muscle cells to cause contraction. Proteins play essential roles in regulating activity in the body both inside cells (intracellular regulation) and between cells (intercellular regulation). Tropomyosin and troponin regulate contraction in striated muscle. It is also important to the response to hormones and neurotransmitters in some cells.

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