CJ 2597 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Ecological Fallacy, Reductionism, Human Hair Color
11 Mar 2020
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Validity - questioning researcher"s credibility, accuracy of findings. Ecological fallacy : study must use findings from unit of analysis (as it relates to hypothesis) Individual fallacy : considering an isolated incident a pattern. Reductionism : including as many variables as possible in study. Cross sectional study - observing/studying a single point in time. Trend - same population studied, but different people within group are studied over time. Cohort - same people studied (only focus) Panel - cohort, but with interviews; studies for small sample sizes. Retrospective research - subjects recall the past; approximate observations over time. Direct observables - easy to observe/classify (ex. Indirect observables - are not blatantly obvious, and could be wrong (ex. age) Dimension - specific aspect of a concept (ex. Crime seriousness subdivided into categories [felony, misdemeanor; victim, perp) Indicators - specification of a dimension (ex. Crime seriousness - speculate amount of deaths + hospitalization) Verification : making concepts real through defining variables through data (ex.
