PSY 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Social Facilitation, Homeostasis, Peptide Yy
Document Summary
Motivation: a need or desire that energizes behavior and directs towards a goal. Drive: an aroused/tense state related to a physical need such as hunger or thirst. Drive-reduction theory: humans are motivated to reduce drives which restores homeostasis. Is curiosity a drive: curiosity: info-vores seek novelty and knowledge, stimulation boosts dopamine levels (ritalin mimics this- adhd) Performance and arousal: the effect of arousal on performance depends on difficulty of the task, arousal helps performance, although too much interferes, moderate arousal is usually optimal. Hierarchy of needs: abraham maslow, we first satisfy basic needs, then pursue goals ever higher, physiological, safety, belongingness and love, esteem, self-actualization, self-transcendence. Internal and external incentives: extrinsic motivation: external rewards. Over-justification effect: when people get more extrinsic motivation than needed, their intrinsic motivation declines. If you cut food intake in half, people become obsessed with food: receptors in the digestive system monitor levels of glucose and send signals to the hypothalamus and then pancreas.
