BIOL 112 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Heterocyst, Heterozygote Advantage, Eudicots
11 Jan 2017
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Natural selection and genetic variation: genetic drift, factors necessary for natural selection to occur. Hw equations and what they represent: understand how to calc. various things based on given diff. things. Deleterious alleles=bad alleles: can stay in pop. due to rec refuge or heterozygote advantage. Sickle-cell anemia and malaria** know this example: positively-correlated, carriers for sickle-cell=surviving and reproducing, 2 allele system, know how to read a gel! Positi(cid:448)e a(cid:374)d (cid:374)egati(cid:448)e (cid:272)o(cid:374)trols do(cid:374)"t a(cid:272)tuall(cid:455) (cid:271)elo(cid:374)g to pop. Systematics: 2 sub-disciplines: phylogeny vs. taxonomy. Cladistics terms: outgroup needs to be fairly closely related but not actually pt. of ingroup, taxon vs. trait. Know what types of groups of organisms clades represent: monophyletic: all descend from common ancestor, paraphyletic: common ancestor and not all of its descendants, but some, polyphyletic: a little more random; generally not accepted anymore. Gene transfer: horizontal: 1 organisms to next beside them, vertical. 3 domains: (cid:449)o(cid:374)"t see ar(cid:272)haea, (cid:449)ill see ba(cid:272)teria, domain bacteria.
