PSY 315 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Receptor Antagonist, Reserpine, Hydrolysis
Document Summary
Nicotine - nicotina tabacum/lobeline (lobelia inflate) tobacco. Liquid alkaloid, rapidly absorbed from gi/respiratory tracts/skin: distribution is quick (10sec. ) 99% distributes in 1 hour, faster in smokers. Accumulation: kidney, urinary tract, bladder, liver, brain toad bladder model. Metabolism liver 90% - half life is 2 hours. Kidney, rate determined by urine acidity: alkalinizing the urine = retains nicotine in circulation (diet can be used to reduce smoking behavior, diet raisin, figs, lima beans (alkaline) Muscles: ach excites then relaxes sympathetic: ne release hr 75-95 beat/min. 2-phased (biphastic) action at cholinergic synapses: attach directly to nicotinic receptors stimulate depolarization short lived excitation to depression. Increased sympathetic reaction increased ne and e release. Mao inhibitory components: harman, nornicotine, converters vs. non-converters, p-450, genetics, varenicline (chantix) partial ach antagonist. Animals: improves acquisition, state dependency, reinforce, strain differences. Humans: 0. 5 2mg nicotine in cigarette, 10% of it inhaled/absorbed, 4 mg toxicity, 60 mg lethal dose: arousing + calming.
