CSD 212 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Myopathy, Trachea, Spasmodic Dysphonia

• School: Syracuse University
• Department: Communication Sci & Disorders
• Course: CSD 212
• Professor: Joseph Pellegrino

Document Summary

Stuttering: stuttering is: disfluency combined with mental effort to resume talking, primary behaviors. Stuttering modification therapy: motivation, identification, desensitization, variation, approximation, stabilization: cancellation phase of approximation: recognize stutter, pause, finish word, repeat. Ii. voice disorder : disruption or change in voice quality. Normal voice production: fundamental frequency (males at 125 hz, females @ 225 hz, children @ 300 hz: vocal fold movement is quasi periodic, determinants of frequency are length, mass + tension. Abnormal voice production: erythematous - redness +/ inflammation of vocal folds, aphonia - total loss of voice, dysphonia - abnormal voice, disturbed phonation. Voice quality descriptors: harsh: excessive muscle tension, amplifies high frequency components of voice, breathy: partial whisper, vocal folds not fully adducted during vibration, hoarse: voice both breathy + harsh. General causes of voice disorders: atrophy: reduction in tissue, hyperfunction: increased muscle activity, hypofunction: reduced muscle activity, myopathy: muscle dysfunction, psychological disorders. Voice abnormalities unrelated to structure: psychogenic causes (conversion aphonia/ disphonia)