PHYS 799 Lecture Notes - Lecture 50: Hiv, Human T-Lymphotropic Virus, Retrovirus
12 Jun 2019
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Retrovirus has rna genome and uses reverse transcriptase (rt) to produce cdna copy. Exist in 2 forms: rna virion and dna provirus (inserted in genome) Retrovirus genome is a + ssrna dimer (2 identical or near-identical copies) w/overlapping reading frames; all retroviruses have gag, pol, and env genes. Gag gene encodes structural proteins matrix, capsid, nucleocapsid. Pol gene encodes replication and integration proteins protease, rt, integrase. Env gene encodes attachment factors surface glycoprotein, transmembrane protein. Retrovirus life cycle: binding, fusion, uncoating, reverse transcription, integration, transcription, splicing, translation, assembly, budding. Human endogenous retroviruses are in human genome not complete viruses, not pathogenic; expression found in some diseases (no causation established though) Human t-cell leukemia virus (htlv) enveloped virus, infects t cells via glut-1 transporter. 2 unique regulatory proteins rex and tax (tax can promote t-cell growth) Htlv-1 most infected are asymptomatic; small percentage develop adult t cell leukemia or tropical spastic paraparesis (tsp, leg spasms and weakness) 30-40y incubation period.
