BIOL 100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Sister Chromatids, Interphase, Cell Division
Document Summary
Asexual reproduction- organism replicates its dna and splits the contents of one cell into two thru mitosis, identical offspring are generated. Sexual reproduction- dna of the offspring comes from two parents, offspring are not identical to parent. Sexual reproduction gives genetic diversity among offspring, increases the chance that some offspring survive in changing environments. Diploid- somatic cells in a sexually reproducing organism have two sets of chromosomes, cells with two sets of chromosomes. Chromosomes of homologous pair have the same sequence of genes but the members of pair will differ in alleles- look alike and carry same sequence of genes for same trait. Haploid cells- gametes only have one set of chromosomes. When two gametes fuse at fertilization, one diploid zygote is formed. Autosomes- cells that are same for both gender. Diploid cells are called germ cells divide to form haploid gametes. Cell division which # of chromosomes are halved and alleles are scrambled.
