ANTH 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Homologous Chromosome, Gene Duplication, Gene Pool
Document Summary
Studies of evolution: microevolution: breeding population vs. total population. Gene pool- all of the genetic material within the members of a population. Changes in allele frequency: one gene becomes more or less dominant: from generation to generation, looked at with a population, as well as between populations, macroevolution: larger scale. Evolution over hundred and thousands of generations. Speciation: formation of new species by one species that splits off into two or more. Makes for variation of traits: nonrandom mating. Reproductive selection for speci c traits (ex: dog breeds) Change in genetic material most are harmless: most are spontaneous, not sure why, but do happen at a speci c rate, can be induced radiation or toxic chemicals. Only source of new genetic material & genetic variation. Occurs during mitosis or meiosis: only important in meiosis. Can be advantageous, deleterious or neutral: environment determines which one. Base substitution: when a base is changed in dna replication.
