01:198:170 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Binary Number, 5,6,7,8, Binary System

• School: Rutgers University
• Department: Computer Science
• Course: 01:198:170
• Professor: S Stoll

Document Summary

It is not possible to transform one value into another by tiny gradations: there are no shades of gray . Binary explained: computers use base-2 to represent numbers using the binary number system, when counting in binary you are limited to only use 0 and 1 0, 1, 10, 11, 100, 101, 110, Hexadecimal digits: each hex digit codes a four-bit group, 0000 0, 0010 2, 0100 4, 0110 6, 1000 8, 1010 a, 1100 c, 1110 e. Digitizing text: we need to represent, 26 uppercase, 26 lowercase letters, 10 numerals, 20 punctuation characters. 10 useful arithmetic characters: 3 other characters (new line, tab, and backspace, 95 symbolsenough for english. Ibm decided to use the next larger set of symbols, the 8-bit symbols (28) started w/7- bit: eight bits produce 28 = 256 symbols, handles many languages that derived from the latin alphabet. Ibm gave 8-bit sequences a special name, byte. 0100 1000-0100 0101-0100 1100-0100 1100-0100 1111 (machine language)