01:119:116 Lecture Notes - Lecture 22: Mouth, Starch, Epiglottis

• School: Rutgers University
• Department: Biological Science
• Course: 01:119:116
• Professor: Professor Beal

Document Summary

I. outcomes: trace a meal through the digestive tract, include all enzymes and organs, compare and contrast where and how all macromolecules are digested. Ingestion types: food -> digestive cavity, four methods, 1. ) Digestion- process of breaking down complex organics: macromolecules -> monomers, can be absorbed, mechanical digestion- big pieces -> small pieces, increases surface area for enzymes, chemical digestion- enzymes break down food -> hydrolysis, 3. ) Absorption- cells take up small molecules: 4. ) Elimination- undigested material passes out of digestive system. C. digestive compartments: enzymes hydrolyze biological molecules in animals, how do you avoid digesting yourself, 1. ) Intracellular digestion- food vacuoles fuse with lysosomes: only found in sponges (no digestive cavity), 2. ) Extracellular digestion- breakdown in compartments that are continuous with the outside of body- can eat big things: gastrovascular cavity- mouth/anus, hydra, alimentary canal- two openings, one-way. B. following a meal from mouth to all of the structures (important: figure 41. 9): 1. )