01:119:116 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Gonorrhea, Streptococcal Pharyngitis, Chitin

• School: Rutgers University
• Department: Biological Science
• Course: 01:119:116
• Professor: Professor Beal

Document Summary

Compare these to eukaryotic mechanisms (and to our species): compare/contrast transformation, transduction, and conjugation, compare the major groups of bacteria to each other and the archaea. A. basics: prokaryotes- when did they first arise, how do we hypothesize that life first originated, three domains- 2 are prokaryotes, prokaryotes have ribosomes, can reproduce alone, metabolize, , whereas viruses do not. Peptidoglycan- only bacteria: eukaryotes have cell walls made from cellulose or chitin, in contrast, most bacterial cell walls contain peptidoglycan, a polymer composed of modified sugars cross-linked by short polypeptides. A. binary fission: by binary fission , a single prokaryotic cell divides into 2 cells, which then divide into. Vii. genetic diversity in prokaryotes (2 factors give rise to high levels of genetic diversity) This diversity, in turn, can lead to rapid evolution: individuals that are genetically better equipped for their environment tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other individuals. D. bacteria all bacteria (important: figure 27. 16: 1. )