01:119:116 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Endocrine System, Extracellular Fluid, Blood Sugar
4 Apr 2016
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Maintaining stable internal environment: 2 mechanisms/strategies to manage. 1. regulator: use internal mechanisms to control internal conditions, independent of external conditions: conformer- allow internal environment to vary with external changes, many animals will regulate some conditions, conform to others, homeostasis. Steady state - maintenance of internal conditions relatively constant even when external conditions change. 3: continually synthesized and degraded, hormone increases for long period receptor down-regulated, hormone decreases for long period receptor up-regulated, big idea: hormones allow cells to communicate with each other. 2: short distance, very quick, paracrine- target cells near secreting cell, autocrine- secreting cells are target cells, synaptic signaling involves neurons- basic unit of nervous system forms synapses with target cells- specialized junctions. Cellular response pathways- varies between water-soluble and lipid soluble signaling molecules: water-soluble hormones. Multiple effect of hormones: many hormones > 1 type of effect (true for water and lipid soluble hormones) 1. target cells may differ in a) receptor b) response: ex/ epinephrine.
