01:119:116 Lecture Notes - Lecture 20: Excitatory Postsynaptic Potential, Sensory Neuron, Axon Hillock
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A. a)junction between a synapse term and another neuron or effector. B. b)presynaptic neuron: synthesizes neurotransmitter and stores vesicles (b. b. 1) Vesicles fuse with terminal membrane and release neurotransmitter (b. b. 4) Receptor protein binds and responds to neurotransmitters (b. c. 2. i) directly opposite synaptic terminal (b. c. 2. ii) Opens channel and allows specific ions to diffuse across post synaptic membrane (b. c. 2. iii) Excitatory postsynaptic potential (epsp): membrane depolarizes when channels open. Inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (ipsp): membrane hyperpolarizes when channels open. Postsynaptic neurons receive many signals (epsp & ipsp) (d. c. 2) If epsp is too small by axon hillock no signal. Temporal summation: rapid stimuli additive effect (many keep adding up) (d. d. 2) Spatial summati0on: many different dendrites receive (many dendrites receive a lot a once) Ii) memory and learning: nervous system development. Structure of nervous system establishes (a. a. 1. i) gene expression (a. a. 1. ii) Brain continues to develop and remodel (a. a. 2. i) competition for growth supporting factors (a. a. 2. ii) Most reshaping occurs at synapses (a. b. 1. i)synaptic connections reinforced (a. b. 1. i. i)