01:119:116 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Polypore, Corn Smut, Asexual Reproduction
21 Feb 2017
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About 100000 species named 5 major groups within fungi. Heterotrophs: digests externally thru hydrolases: single-celled = yeast only, multicellular: composed of. Sister group to nuclearids: nutrition and ecology. 2 major forms: speciated hyphae, predatory, haustria found in mycornizhae, reproductive structures. Dispersed by wind, h2o, or animals: sexual reproduction. # of mating types depends on # of alleles. 1. hyphae release phehormones and test compatability: hyphae meet and fuse cytoplasm = phasmogamy form: Your cells are monokaryons: cells grow and nuclei divide. Special case: dikaryonic mycellom-nuclei pair off, only 2 nuclei per cell. Molds = filamentous fungi, produce spores by mitosis. 5 phylia of fungi: chytrids (phylum chytridomycota) Different mating types come together (+ and -) Ex: bracket fungi (steps on trees) and puffballs. Spores in basidiocarp (cid:523)gills(cid:524) (cid:498)mushrooms(cid:499: basidiomycetes (phylum basidiomycota) Fungal component of lichen is most often an ascomycete. Algae of cyanobacteria occupy an inner layer below lichen surface. Animals, fungi, and related protists make opisthokant clade.
