01:119:115 Lecture Notes - Lecture 22: Branch Point, Carl Linnaeus, Phylogenetics

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17 Aug 2016

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A. linking concepts: discussed process of evolution, today: patterns of evolution. B. definition: systematics- study of diversity of organisms and evolutionary relationships. C. two parts: taxonomy- naming, describing, and classifying species, phylogeny- evolutionary history of species or group. B. system for naming species: developed by linnaeus, each species assigned unique 2-part name (hence binomial ), unique, if species had the same name, then it would be hard to identify each one. C. genus + species (specific epithet: example: homo sapiens, homo = genus, sapiens = species, wise. Genus can be abbreviated: example: h. sapiens or e. coli, 5. ) Genus is unique, can be used alone: to refer to entire species, 6. ) Species not always unique, cannot be used alone: result is something like homo sapiens, ~11,000 names still in use date to linnaeus. A. definition and introduction: phylogenetic trees- branching diagram, represents evolutionary history of group of organisms, show pattern of decent (relatedness), not phenotypic similarity.

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